Winter Feeding of Bees
2025-04-15
Winter is a challenging time for bees. Discover how to feed them properly to ensure survival and strong spring growth.
During winter, bees cluster together, consume stored honey, and cannot forage for nectar. Proper feeding is essential to help them survive the cold months.
When to intervene
- When natural reserves are insufficient (less than 10–12 kg of honey).
- During harsh or prolonged winters.
Types of winter feeding
1. Fondant: A solid sugar-based food, ideal for winter because it doesn’t ferment or moisten the hive.
2. Protein fondant: Candied food enriched with protein, useful in late winter or early spring.
3. Dry sugar: An emergency solution when fondant is unavailable.
Feeding methods
- Place fondant above the hive hole or directly on the frames, using perforated film.
- Avoid frequent opening of the hive to preserve heat.
Precautions
- Do not feed liquid syrup in mid-winter, as it may ferment and cool the cluster.
- Check fondant consumption every 15–20 days.
Proper winter feeding improves survival rates and prepares colonies for a productive spring. It is a critical investment for the entire beekeeping season.
